Clinical assessment of infantile haemangioma among patients attending the dermatology department of Rapareen teaching hospital in Erbil city

Alaa Abdulrahman Sulaiman; Tara Foad  Wali

doi:10.56056/amj.2017.25

Authors

Alaa Abdulrahman Sulaiman MBChB, High Diploma Dermatology and Venereology, Lecturer, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University
Tara Foad Wali MBChB, High Diploma Dermatology and Venereology, Rapareen Teaching Hospital for Children

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/amj.2017.25

Keywords:

Derratology, Erbil, Infantile haemangioma

Abstract

Background and objectives: Strawberry (capillary) haemangiomas are the most commonbenign tumors of childhood;they are present at birth in one thirdof cases. The remainder appears shortly thereafter. Sixty percentare on the head and neck, but they may occur anywhere. The aim of this study is to have a clinical evaluation of infants and children with haemangiomaand to identify risk factors associated with infantile haemangioma.

Methods: A case control study involved 38 patients with infantile haemangioma and 38 controls matched by age and gender. Data were collected by direct interview with the patient’s guardians through a questionnaire including age, gender, birth weight, any complication during pregnancy or labor and the type of complication, gestational age (full term, premature, postdate), mode of delivery (normal vaginal delivery or caesarean section), duration of the lesion, age at onset, site (head, neck, trunk, groin, upper extremity, lower extremity), size, number of the lesions, any complications and type of it, interventions and type of intervention; pharmacological, surgical or laser and family history of haemangioma.

Results:From a total of 76 patients and controls, 71.1% were females and 28.9% were males.Their age ranged from 1108- months.Sixty and a half percent of our patients were less than one-year age. Full term infants made 81.6% of our patients while premature infants were only18.4% of the patients. Mode of delivery was normal vaginal delivery in 55.3% of patients and 65.8% of controls while 44.7% of patients and 34.2% of controls were born by caesarean section. Hemangiomas were present since birth in 73.7%, 13.2% had their lesion in their first week, 5.3% developed the lesion during their second and fourth week of life and 2.6% developed lesion during their third week. Lesion werepresent on the head and neck in 47.4%. Minimum lesion size was 0.3cm and maximum diameter was 10.5cm.

Conclusions: Infantile haemangioma are common in female babies, risk factors are prematurity and maternal anemia. Lesions were noticed at birth or appeared within few weeks and the majority had single lesion.

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