Pattern, clinical and laboratory features from of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients from Kurdistan-Iraq

Dnya Jaza  Mohammed; Sana Dlawar  Jalal; Ahmed Khudair  Yassin; Ali Ibrahim  Mohammed

doi:10.56056/amj.2019.101

Authors

Dnya Jaza Mohammed MBChB, Department of hematology, Hewa hemato-onology hospital, Sulaimani-Iraq.
Sana Dlawar Jalal MBChB, FRCPath. Department of pathology, Sulaimani College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.
Ahmed Khudair Yassin MBChB, DM, CABM, FIBMS, FRCP. Hawler Medical University, College of Medicine. Erbil-Iraq.
Ali Ibrahim Mohammed MBChB, FIBMS. Department of pathology, Sulaimani College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/amj.2019.101

Keywords:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Adults, Clinical, Hematological

Abstract

Background and objectives: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a heterogeneous group of neoplasm resulting from clonal proliferation and tissue infiltration by leukemic lymphoblasts. Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia is character- ized by distinctive clinical and genetic features in comparison to childhood leukemia. This study aimed to outline the clinco-hematological features of adult Iraqi patients newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Kurdis- tan-Iraq.

Methods:This study was conducted at Hiwa Cancer Hospital in Sulaimani City and Nanakali Hospital in Erbil City, Kurdistan, Iraq. A total of 109 patients of newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia aged >15 years were included. Clinical history, physical examination, complete blood counts, with peripheral smear, bone marrow aspira- tion and immunophenotypic data (using flow cytometry) and genetic study were collected for all the enrolled cases.

Results: The median age at diagnosis was 24 years with male to female ratio of 1.7:1. B- lineage was predominant at (76.1%), while T -lineage was less frequent, at 23.9%. Mean hemoglobin level was 9.1 g/dl (+2.3) with a range of (4-15.2) g/dl, white blood cells count had a range of (0.4-300) ×109/L, with a mean of 47.5 ×109/L (+62.5). The mean platelet count was 79×109/L (+83), and a range of (3-490) ×109/L. Fifty eight patients (53.2%) presented with lymphadenopathy, and seventy eight patients (71.6%) had organomegaly. Philadelphia chromosome was detected in 9.5% of cases. Fifty seven (52.3%) patients stra tified into high risk group.

Conclusions: Patients from our locality have some distinct disease characters from that were reported elsewhere.

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