Immunohistochemical expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 gene -Bcl-2 in endometrial carcinoma

Hozan Dler  Dhahir; Jalal Ali  Jalal; Zheen Othman  Hama Faraj

doi:10.56056/amj.2024.274

Authors

Hozan Dler Dhahir SHO of Histopathology in Rizgary Hospital, trainee of Histopathology at the Kurdistan higher council of medical specialties (KHCMS), Erbil.
Jalal Ali Jalal Professor of pathology at college of medicine-Hawler medical university, Erbil
Zheen Othman Hama Faraj lecturer at college of medicine-Hawler medical university, Erbil.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/amj.2024.274

Keywords:

Apoptosis, B-cell lymphoma 2 gene, Endometrial carcinoma, Immunohistochemistry

Abstract

Background and objectives: Apoptosis, a process of cell death, is inhibited by the B-cell lymphoma 2 protein, leading to the prolonged survival of cells. Participation of Bcl-2 in starting and advancement of endometrial carcinoma remains inconclusive, with varying results observed. The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of B-cell lymphoma 2 expression in endometrial carcinoma, and to investigate the connection between B-cell lymphoma 2 expression with some clinicopathological parameters.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out for seventy-eight formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks of total abdominal hysterectomy specimens diagnosed as endometrial carcinoma, which were randomly obtained from a private laboratory and Rizgary teaching hospital laboratory in Erbil city during June 2021-June 2022. In this study, endometrial carcinoma cases were subjected to the utilization of B-cell lymphoma 2 gene, which is a Mouse monoclonal antibody, and its expression was evaluated.

Results: The expression of Bcl-2 was observed in 61.5% of the studied cases. The majority (93.6%) of EC cases were of low grade, although Bcl-2 expression was observed at a greater frequency (64.4%) in low-grade endometrial carcinoma, but there was no significant association. Additionally, no statistically significant correlation was found between B-cell lymphoma 2 gene expression and other clinicopathological parameters like, age, myometrial invasion, lympho-vascular invasion, lymph node status and tumor stage.

Conclusion: Bcl-2 was expressed in 61.5% of the studied cases with no significant association with any of the variables, additional research is necessary to assess the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 gene in relation to endometrial carcinoma invasion and metastasis.

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