Oral and perioral manifestations of iron deficiency anemia in Hiwa Hospital in Sulaimani city

Kamal Hama Salih  Amin; Amanj Abu-Bakr  Jalal; Truska Faraidun  Majeed

doi:10.56056/amj.2025.333

Authors

Kamal Hama Salih Amin B.D.S. Candidate of KHCMS. (Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine)
Amanj Abu-Bakr Jalal MBCHB. DIM. FICMS. Assistant professor of internal medicine/College of Medicine/University of Sulaimani
Truska Faraidun Majeed B.D.S. FKBMS. Lecturer/University of Sulaimani/College of dentistry/dept. of Diagnosis

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/amj.2025.333

Keywords:

Hiwa hospital, Iron deficiency anemia, Oral manifestation

Abstract

Background/objective: the oral cavity is a mirror for the general health; anemia is one of these disorders that fit this idea. The aim of this study was to show the prevalence of oral and perioral changes in patients with iron deficiency anemia and control people, then compare these changes between them, also to know the frequency of oral and perioral manifestations with the degree of iron deficiency anemia.

Methods: This comparative study involved 100 patients who visited Hiwa Hospital Hematology department between May and September 2023. All participants filed a questionnaire form for personal information and data collection, and they were examined clinically for the presence of any oral changes.

Result: the sample included 96 females and 4 males, with an age range of 18–67 years; there was no significant correlation between age groups and the prevalence of lesions. Patients with a high incidence of manifestations like paling of lip and oral mucosa (74%), xerostomia (60%), each of glossitis and taste disturbance (36%), and a low incidence of each of an oral ulcer and fissured tongue (18%), each of angular cheilitis and dysphagia (14%), and perioral numbness (6%). There were significant associations between iron deficiency anemia and all manifestations except fissured tongue.

Conclusion: the manifestations are more common in patients than in control group. The frequency of oral lesions does not significantly different with the degree of anemia, except pallor of (vermillion border of lip and oral mucosa) and glossitis.

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