Association Between Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels with In-Hospital Complications of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Hemn Jamal  Jamil; Amanj Abubakir  Xaznadar

doi:10.56056/amj.2025.341

Authors

Hemn Jamal Jamil MBChB, KHCM trainee. Shar teaching hospital, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Amanj Abubakir Xaznadar FICMS (Med), FRCP, Assistant Professor of medicine. Department of Medicine, University of Suilaimani, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/amj.2025.341

Keywords:

Coronary artery disease, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Percutaneous coronary intervention complications, Total cholesterol

Abstract

Background and objectives: Percutaneous coronary intervention is the treatment of choice for revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels and percutaneous coronary intervention complications.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Suleimani Cardiac Hospital from April to October 2023. The study included 115 patients who had acute coronary syndrome and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention within 72 hours of the symptoms. Venous blood samples were drawn from all patients; the basic investigation and lipid profile were measured. The patients were monitored in the ward for complications from percutaneous coronary intervention.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 60.90 years (SD = 11.27), 64.3% of the participants were male, and the mean body mass index of the participants was 28.37 (SD = 4.18). Seventy-six percent of the participants had a past medical history; hypertension was the most common (26.1%). Forty-six percent of participants were not using any medications, and 49.6% of the participants were nonsmokers. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of in-hospital complications of percutaneous coronary intervention or hospital stay duration among patients with different total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels, as all p values are above 0.05.

Conclusion: There was no relationship between baseline total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels and in-hospital complications of percutaneous coronary intervention.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Chen X, Rong C, Qi P, Bai W, Yao W, Zhang Y, et al. Ldl-c and total stent length are independent predictors of periprocedural myocardial injury and infarction for unstable angina patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. Int J Gen Med, 2021; 14(13): 57–65.

Banning AP, Baumbach A, Blackman D, Curzen N, Devadathan S, Fraser D, et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention in the UK: Recommendations for good practice. Heart, 2015; 101: 1–13.

Mikaeilvand A, Firuozi A, Basiri H, Varghaei A, Izadpanah P, Kojuri J, et al. Association of coronary artery dominance and mortality rate and complications in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. J Res Med Sci, 2020; 25: 107.

Doll JA, Hira RS, Kearney KE, Kandzari DE, Riley RF, Marso SP, et al. Management of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Complications: Algorithms from the 2018 and 2019 Seattle Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Complications Conference. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2020; 13(6): 1-10.

Abazid RM, Obadah Kattea M, Smettei OA, Beshir Y, Sakr H. Impact of coronary artery calcification on percutaneous coronary intervention and postprocedural complications. J Saudi Heart Assoc, 2017; 29(1): 15–22.

Jankowski P, Kozie? P, Setny M, Paniczko M, Haberka M, Banach M, et al. Dyslipidemia management in patients with coronary artery disease. Data from the POLASPIRE survey. J Clin Med. 2021; 10(16): 3711.

Khan A, Zhang X, Hu D, Ma X, Ding R, Attia J, et al. Increasing Mortality from Ischaemic Heart Disease in China from 2004-2010: 438 million Person-Years Follow Up. Heart Lung Circ. 2016 ;25: 49–50.

Alshamiri M, Ghanaim MMA, Barter P, Chang KC, Li JJ, Matawaran BJ, et al. Expert opinion on the applicability of dyslipidemia guidelines in Asia and the middle east. Int J Gen Med. 2018; 11: 313–322.

Rosenson RS. Patient education: High cholesterol and lipids (Beyond the Basics), 12July 2021. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipids-beyond-the-basics/

Ahn T, Suh SY, Lee K, Kang WC, Han SH, Ahn Y, et al. Clinical outcomes according to the achievement of target low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Korean Circ J. 2017; 47(1):31–35.

Cho KH, Jeong MH, Ahn Y, Kim YJ, Chae SC, Hong TJ, et al. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in patients with acute myocardial infarction having percutaneous coronary intervention (the cholesterol Paradox). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;106(8):1061–1068.

Chen X, Chen H, Lu WB, Zhang M, Tao Y, Wang QC, et al. Lower Baseline LDL Cholesterol Affects All-cause Mortality in Patients with First Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Biomed Environ Sci, 2023; 36(4): 324-333.

Maadani M, Abdi S, Parchami-Ghazaee S, Alizadeh K, Fathi H, Musavi R. Relationship between pre-procedural serum lipid profile and post-procedural myocardial injury in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. Res Cardiovasc Med. 2013;2(4):169-173.

Kang DY, Yang HM, Park KW, Lee SR, Lee MH, Lee DW, et al. Lack of association between low density lipoprotein particle size and on-treatment platelet reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease. Korean Circ J. 2012;42(8):551–557.

Khan A, Zhang X, Hu D, Ma X, Ding R, Attia J, et al. Increasing Mortality from Ischaemic Heart Disease in China from 2004 - 2010: 438 million Person-Years Follow Up. Heart Lung Circ. 2016 ;25: S49–S50.

Zeng R, Zhang M. GW27-e0958 Lipid profiles and myocardial injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 ;68(16): 78.

Reindl M, Reinstadler SJ, Feistritzer HJ, Theurl M, Basic D, Eigler C, et al. Relation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with microvascular injury and clinical outcome in revascularized ST-elevation myocardial infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Oct 1;6(10).

Buturak A, Degirmencioglu A, Erturk M, Karakurt H, Demir AR, Surgit O, et al. Impact of increased admission lipid levels on periprocedural myocardial injury following an elective percutaneous coronary intervention. Coron Artery Dis. 2015;26(4):333–340.

Chen X, Rong C, Qi P, Bai W, Yao W, Zhang Y, et al. Ldl-c and total stent length are independent predictors of periprocedural myocardial injury and infarction for unstable angina patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14: 1357–1365.

Zhong Z, Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhong W, Li B, Li C, et al. Relationship between preoperative low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and periprocedural myocardial injury in patients following elective percutaneous coronary intervention in southern China. Med. Sci. Monit. 2018 Jun 18; 24:4154–61.

Bodde MC, Hermans MP, Wolterbeek R, Cobbaert CM, van der Laarse A, Schalij MJ et al. Plasma LDL-Cholesterol Level at Admission is Independently Associated with Infarct Size in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Cardiol Ther. 2019; 8:55–67.

Larsen AI, Basran R, Anderson T, Goodhart D. Large and small vessel vasoconstriction following coronary artery stenting. Effect of intra coronary nitroglycerine and relation to LDL cholesterol. Int J Cardiol. 2006; 113:61–65.

Guedeney P, Claessen BE, Kalkman DN, Aquino M, Sorrentino S, Giustino G, et al. Residual Inflammatory Risk in Patients with Low LDL Cholesterol Levels Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 ;73(19):2401–2409.

Sia CH, Ho AF, Bulluck H, Zheng HL, Foo LL, Chan MY et al. The lipid paradox in patients with non-ST elevation and ST elevation myocardial infarction and percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur. Heart J. 2019;40(1): 3364.