Impact of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Left Ventricular Longitudinal Strain in Patients with Structurally Normal Heart

Vahel Lutfalla   Sadraddin; Mudhafar Abdulrahman  Habib; Rafid Fayadh  Al-Aqeedi

doi:10.56056/amj.2025.347

Authors

Vahel Lutfalla Sadraddin MD, Surgical Specialty Hospital,Kurdistan Higher Council of Medical Specialities (KHCMS), Trainee of Cardiovascular Medicine, Erbil Cardiac Center, Erbil, Iraq
Mudhafar Abdulrahman Habib PhD (Cardiology), FRCP (Glasg.) and (London). Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Hawler Medical University, College of Medicine Erbil Iraq
Rafid Fayadh Al-Aqeedi DM (Med), FIBMS, MRCP (London), DM (Int. Cardiology), FACC, FESC.,Consultant Interventional Cardiologist, Surgical Specialty Hospital, Erbil Cardiac Center, Erbil, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/amj.2025.347

Keywords:

Coronary artery disease, Diabetes mellitus, Global longitudinal strain, Silent myocardial ischemia, Speckle tracking echocardiography

Abstract

Background and objectives: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus is a widespread metabolic disorder linked to multiple cardiovascular complications, particularly left ventricular dysfunction, even in preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Speckle tracking echocardiography has become a sensitive means to evaluate myocardial mechanics, particularly global strain. This study aimed to examine the influence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on left ventricular global strain in individuals with structurally normal heart.

Methods: A comprehensive cross-sectional investigation was carried out on 118 diabetic patients who showed no symptoms of coronary artery disease and were admitted to Surgical specialty hospital, Erbil Cardiac Center, between January 1st to April 1st, 2023. The global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle that was present in the patient population selected was assessed using strain echocardiography.

Results: The study population was 55 (46.6%) male and 63 (53.4%) female, with a mean age of 54.8+-9.57 years, the mean HbA1c of all Diabetic participants were 8.08+-1.6.weak and statistically significant negative correlation was found between global longitudinal strain The number of patients with normal GLS and reduced GLS should be mentioned in results with the duration of diabetes mellitus and HbA1c values with a p-value of (r=-020, P=0.032) and (r=-0.20, P=0.048) respectively. Oppositely a weakly positive correlation was found between global longitudinal strain and mitral annual plane systolic excursion diameters with a significant P value (r=0.26, P =<0.004).

Conclusion: Left ventricular global longitudinal strain using speckle tracking echocardiography has a significant negative correlation with the duration of diabetes.

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