Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of Root Canal Morphology in Mandibular First Molars in Erbil Population: A Retrospective Study

Twana Jalal  Rasool; Diyar Khalid  Bakir

doi:10.56056/

Authors

Twana Jalal Rasool B.D. S KHCMS, Department of Restorative Dentistry Erbil, Iraq, Khanzad Teaching Center
Diyar Khalid Bakir B.D. S, M.Sc. PhD. Professor, Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry- Hawler Medical University.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56056/

Keywords:

Anatomical configuration, Apical foramina, Cone-Beam Tomography, Mandibular first molar, Radix entomolaris

Abstract

Background and objectives: The mandibular first molars have a variety of abnormal canal morphologies; many authors have researched the frequency of these anatomical variants and their relationship to gender. The objective of this study is to analyze root canal morphology using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Erbil population.

Method: This retrospective study, conducted in Erbil in the Kurdistan region of Iraq from January 2023 to January 2024, evaluates Cone-Beam Computed Tomography images of 100 mandibular first molars. The evaluation focused on the following details: the number of roots, the number of apical foramina, the frequency distribution of root canal configurations based on Vertucci’s classification, and the frequency of occurrence of both the middle mesial canal and radix entomolaris.

Result: The study included 100 patients. The middle mesial canal was present in 3.7% of patients under 30 years old, compared with 2.2% of those aged 30 years or older (p = 1.000). Four out of 100 patients (4%) had three roots, while the remaining patients had two roots. Only 4% of the sample exhibited radix entomolaris.

Conclusion: Mandibular first molars typically have two main roots. Type I is the most common shape for distal canal, while for the mesial canal, type II, IV are more common, with middle-aged individuals showing a higher frequency of middle mesial canals. Variation also occurs in root number, apical foramina presence, extra roots and different canal configuration.

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